Ukusungulwa Kobumbano Lwamazwe Ase-Afrika Kanye Nobambiswano Olusha Lokuthuthukiswa Kwamazwe Ase-Afrika (NEPAD) (IsiZulu)

Ukusungulwa kobumbano Iwamazwe ase-Afrika kwenzeka kanye kanye nokubekwa ngokusemthethwenl nobambiswano olusha lokuthuthukiswa kwamazwe ase-Afrika, eyaziwa kakhulukazi ngele-NEPAD, kanye nokuqaliswa kohlelo IweNgqungquthela yezokuphepha, ukusimama, intuthuko nobambiswano emazweni ase-Afrika (CSSDCA). Nakuba zontathu

lezi zindlela zokwenza zimele izinhlelo zamazwe ehlukene, ukuphumelela kwendlela eyodwa kuyoba nomthelela ekuphumeleleni kwezinye. kanti zonke kumele zisebenzele ukwakhiwa kabusha kwe-Afrika kanye nokwenza Isizukulwane sase-Afrika sibe yiqiniso.

Ukubunjwa kobumbano Iwamazwe ase-Afrika (AU)

Ubumbano Iwamazwe ase-Afrika lungene esikhundleni senhlangano yezizwe ezihlangeneyo (OAU). Izinhloko zemibuso yamazwe ase-Afrika zavumelana ngokubunjwa kwalolu bumbano Iwamazwe ase-AfriKa ngo Mashi 2001, eNgqungqutheleni yezinhloko zoHlumeni benhlangano yezizwe ezibumbeneyo e-Sirte, Libya, eNingizimu Afrika, kwasayinwa ngomhlaka 23 Ephreli 2001, kuvunyelwana ngokuthi yakhiwe kanye nomthetho ozoyilawula obizwa ngokuthi Umthetho Wokumiswa Kobumbano Iwamazwe ase-Afrika (Constitutive Act of the African Union). Ngokwenza njalo, iNingizimu Afrika yabe isijoyina amazwe ase-Afrika angu-35. Lokhu kwaba ukunqoba eziqhenya kakhulu ngakho iNingizimu Afrika ngoba yona yayingabanga nalo ithuba lokuba yingxenye yamalungu okuyiwona asungula inhlangano yezizwe ezibumbene (OAU) ngoba ubandlululo Iwaluyishiye ngaphandle kwezingxoxo zamazwe angaphandle. Manje, iNingizimu Afrika isinelungelo eligcwele lokudlala indawo ekwakhiweni kwempilo engcono kwabo bonke abantu base Afrika.

Umthetho wokumiswa kobumbano Iwamazwe ase.Afrika ungena esikhundleni somthetho iNhlangano yezizwe ezibumbeneyo ebisebenza ngawo. Noma kunjalo kodwa lesi sivumelwano senhlangano yezizwe ezibumbeneyo asikazu- kugudluka sisazosebenza kusukela ngomhlaka 11 kuJulayi 2001 kuya ku 10 Julayi 2002, kuze kufike islkhathi lapho lolu bumbano luyobe selusebenza khona ngokuphelele. Ubumbano lwamazwe ase-Afrika ngeke luqhubeke nokuba yiNhlangano yamazwe abumbene ngaphansi kwamagama ehlukene, kodwa ukusebenza kwalo kuyovuleleka ngendlela yokuthi lukwazi ukwenza ngcono isimo somnotho, ezombusazwe kanye nokuthuthukisa umphakathi wasemazweni ase-Afrika. Luyokwenza futhi isiqiniseko sokuthi

izwekazi lase-Afrika likulungele ukubhekana nezinselelo ekhulwini leminyaka ezayo (21 st Century) kanye nokuzuza lokho okuyizinjongo zokugcina zawo onke amazwe ase-Afrika. Ngo Julayi 2002, iNingizimu Afrika iyoba isizinda lapho kuyobanjelwa khona ingqungquthela yobumbano Iwamazwe abumbene ase-Afrika.

Luyini ubambiswano olusha lokuthuthukiswa kwamazwe aseAfrika (NEPAD)

Ubambiswano olusha lokuthuthukiswa kwamazwe ase-Afrika (NEPAD) uhlelo lokuthuthukisa abantu base-Afrika. Ubambiswano ngokwalolu hlelo Iwaphumeleliswa ukuhlangana ndawonye kwezinhlangano ezaziwa ngokuthi-Millenium Partnership for the African Recovery Programme (MAP) kanye nohlelo lwe-OMEGA ngokunxusa kweNhlangano yoBumbano lwamazwe ase-

Afrika. Uhlelo olusha lokuthuthukiswa kwamazwe ase-Afrika (MAP), eselaziwa ngokusemthethweni njenge NEPAD lemukelwa ngokusemthethweni eNgqungqutheleni eyayiseLusaka ngomhlaka 11 Julayi 2001. Ubambiswano lukhombisa ukuzinikela kwabaholi basemazweni ase- Afrika ekuqedeni nya ububha nokubeka izwekazi lase-Afrika emgudwini

obheke ekusimameni okuyohlala isikhathi eside nasekuthuthukeni. Kutholakele emazweni abuswa abantu abamnyama ukuthi ukubusa kwabo kukhombisa ukuphatha okuhle, kuqhutshwa ngentando yeningi nokunakekelwa kwamalungelo abantu, khona manjalo kube kusetshenzelwa ukuvikela nokuxazulula izimo ezithintene nokungqubuzana kanye nokungahlalisani kahle kwabantu kulo lonke izwekazi lase-Afrika.

Umqulu okuyiwona ophathelene nokumiswa kobambiswano olusha lokuthuthukiswa Kwamazwe ase-Afrika (NEPAD) luqukethe kokubili, uhlaka olunenqubomgomo enamaqhinga kanye nohlelo olunemininingwane ekhomba okumele kwenziwe. Lolubambiswano luyobhekana nalokhu okulandelayo:

Izidingo ezlphathelene nezentuthuko

.Ukuthula, ezokuphepha, intando yeningi kanye nokuphathwa kwezombusazwe
Ukuphathwa kwezomnotho nokuphatha okunokubambisana, kuqaphelisiswa ukuphathwa kwezimali zomphakathi
Ukubambisana ngokwezifundazwe nokuhlanganiswa
Izingxenye ezihamba phambili

.Ingqalasizinda
.Ezobuchwepheshe kwezolwazi nokuxhumana (ICT)
.Ukuthuthukiswa kwabantu, ngokubhekela ezempilo, ezemfundo nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono
Ezolimo
Ukugqugquzela imithombo

.Ukukhuphula izimali ezilondoloziwe nezamba zemali ezingenayo nangezimali eziqoqwe ezikweletini, ukukhuphula usizo lwezimali ezisemthethweni zokuthuthukisa kanye nezimali zangasese, kanye nokuphathwa okungcono kwezimali zomphakathi nokusetshenziswa kwazo.
INingizimu Afrika nabanye ababambe iqhaza basemazweni ase-Afrika bebezimbandakanye emkhankasweni wokudala ukwesekelwa kobambiswano oluhla lokuthuthukiswa kwamazwe ase-Afrika (NEPAD). Sebevele baphumelele emizameni yabo ngokuthola ukwesekelwa kwalolu bumbano ezigungwini ezigqamile zamazwe omhlaba nezamazwe amaningi nasezingqungqutheleni ezifana noMkhandlu wezomnotho nomphakathi wezizwe ezihlangeneyo, kanye nakwingqungquthela yezizwe ezihlangeneyo ezilwa nokubandlulula ngokobuhlanga eyayibanjelwe eThekwini. Ngonyaka ka-2002, bayoqalisa ngezingxoxo zobambiswano mayelana

neNgqungquthela yomhlaba ekuthuthukeni okuqinisekileyo. Kanye nokukhokhelwa kwengqungquthela yezentuthuko eyokuba se-Mexico.

Ingqungquthe1a kwezokuphepha, ukusimama, intuthuko nokusebenzisana e-Afrika (CSSDCA)

Ukuphumelelisa izinhloso ze-CSSDCA kungolunye Iwezinhlelo ezisemqoka zokuthuthukisa izwekazi lase-Afrika ngoba yilona eliyokwakha ukuxhumana okubalulekile phakathi kwemisebenzi eyehlukene okumanje iqhutshwa inhlangano yezizwe ezibumbene nenhlangano yezomnotho yase-Afrika (OAU/AEC). Umbiko womhlangano wokuqala wongqongqoshe be-CSSDCA owawuse Abuja kusukela ngomhlaka 8 kuya kumhlaka 9 kuMeyi 2000, wemukelwa ngokusemthethweni eNgqungqutheleni yeNhlangano yezizwe ezibumbene neNhlangano yezemnotho eLome ngawo lowo nyaka (2000). CSSDCA iyoba usizo olukhulu ekudaleni ukuxhumana okudingekayo emsebenzini we-OAU/AEC ezintweni ezifana nokuthula, ukuphepha, ukusimama, intuthuko nekusebenza ngokubambisana.

Le mikhakha emine (ezokuphepha, ukusimama, intuthuko nokubambisana) iyoqhuba izingxoxo emihlanganweni yezinhlaka ezehukene mayelana nokuqaliswa kokusebenza kwe-CSSDCA .Ekugcineni kwayo yonke le mihlangano, kuyobanjwa umhlangano woNgqongqoshe ukuhlolisisa ukuthi yini enconywe emihlanganweni yale mikhakha emine. Lokhu kuyolandelwa yiNgqungquthela eba kabili ngonyaka lokho okuyokwenzeka ngesikhathi esithi asifane neseNgqungquthela yokuqala yobumbano Iwamazwe ase-Afrika eyobaniwa ngoJulayi 2002 eNingizimu Afrika.

I-CSSDCA inikezela umgomo wentuthuko inkundla yezingxoxo nenqubekela phambili ezintweni ezihamba ngenqubo efanayo ngaphakathj enhlanganweni yezizwe ezibumbene. Ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi I-CSSDCA iyaqhubeka nokuba khona ngendlela enenqubekela phambili nanokuthi iqalisa ngokwezimiso ze-OAU/AEC, kwavunyelwana ngokuthi iNgqungquthela emile

ye-CSSDCA iyobunjwa ukuze ihlangabezane futhi ide ilinganisa ukufaneleka nokungafaneleki kwe-CSSDCA njalo eminyakeni emibili ngesikhathi kuneNgqungquthela. Kuyobunjwa neyunithi ehovisini likanobhala we-OAU/AEC ngenhloso yokuqapha yonke imisebenzi ye-CSSDCA.

UMnyango Wezangaphandle

Mfumfu 2001